An Overview of Hardware Security and Trust: Threats, Countermeasures, and Design Tools

Hardware security and trust have become a pressing issue during the last two decades due to globalization of semiconductor supply chain ubiquitous network connection computing devices. Computing hardware is now an attractive attack surface for launching powerful cross-layer attacks, allowing attackers infer secret information, hijack control flow, compromise system root-of-trust, steal intellectual property (IP), fool machine learners. On other hand, practitioners been making tremendous efforts in developing protection techniques design tools detect vulnerabilities fortify against various known attacks. This article presents overview from perspectives threats, countermeasures, tools. By introducing most recent advances research developments, we aim motivate designers electronic automation tool developers consider new challenges opportunities incorporating additional dimension into robust design, testing, verification.